Once hydrogen is freed and stored it is available for use at any time. The primary use of hydrogen is as a fuel to reconvert the energy required to free it back into electrical energy for local use. The most efficient way of converting hydrogen into electricity is in devices known as fuel cells. Hydrogen Fuel cells can be scaled from small enough to run a watch or cell phone to large enough to run a factory. Fuel cells are available in five technology types. The most common is the PEM or Proton Exchange membrane fuel cell. Other types are Alkaline fuel cells, PAFC, Phosphoric acid fuel cells, MCFC, Molten carbonate fuel cells, and SOFC, Solid Oxide fuel cells. Currently the low temperature PEMFC design is the simplest and most available for local, non-industrial use. Below are a series of pictures of commercially available PEM fuel cell devices from small to large.
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FUEL CELL STACK
1.4 kW @ 14 V
THE FUEL CELL STORE
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FUEL CELL STACK
4.2 kW @ 42 V
THE FUEL CELL STORE
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www.fuelcellstore.com |
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Key Features of the Honda FC Stack (85 Kilowatts)
1. Compact, high output
- The number of components is reduced by almost 50% through use of the world's first stamped metal separators and a panel-type structure, while the output density is almost double that of a conventional fuel cell stack.
2. Low-temperature starts
- Ion conductivity at low temperatures is double that of a conventional stack thanks to use of aromatic electrolyte membranes.
- Use of stamped metal separators improves conductivity.
- Thermal capacity is reduced because the unit is more compact. Warm-up time is 20% that of a conventional stack.
3. Durable even at high temperatures
- Power can be generated at up to +95°C(203°F).
4. Next-generation fuel cell stack developed in consideration of mass production and recycling
- Some special materials have been replaced by more readily-available materials.
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GENERAL MOTORS 65 kW STACK FOR HI-WIRE VEHICLE
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| www.gm.com |
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